Glaucoma is an heart circumstance that stimulate gradual vision departure due to irreversible wrong of visual nerve ; make by increased intraocular pressing . Glaucoma if not treated will uphold to damage optic nerve , which transmit images to the learning ability , and will run to permanent loss of vision causing permanent blindness . It is the 2d leading cause of lasting blindness across the world . Glaucoma is considered an inherit stipulation and progressive age is also a major danger cistron .
Causes of Glaucoma
Glaucoma is due to increased pressure within the eye , which have hurt to optic nerve fibers that are extremely susceptible to increased air pressure . Glaucoma is also visualise in someone with normal intraocular pressure sensation . The risk factors for glaucoma include family history of glaucoma , eld over 40 years , history ofsteroid use , myopia , hypermetropia anddiabetes . The other cause that might guide to glaucoma are hurt to the eye , inflammatory conditions , severe eye transmission , blocked line vessel in the heart and on occasion sure eye surgeries .
Types of Glaucoma
There Are Basically Two Types Of Glaucoma :
Open - angle glaucoma ( wide - slant glaucoma ) is the most common type of glaucoma . This is a inveterate type of glaucoma and its frequency addition with age . This is because of chronic fluid build - up within the eye due to gradual clogging of the drainage system . This eccentric of glaucoma is symptomless and there is peripheral departure of imaginativeness , which is undetected in the other stages as there are no symptoms .
Angle - closure glaucoma ( close - angle , minute - angle , acute accent or continuing slant - stop glaucoma ) is less common character of glaucoma . In this , there is difficulty in drain of aqueous humor due to lessen slant between iris and cornea leading to increase intraocular press . This might also be related to other eye conditions such as cataract or hypermetropia .
Can We Regain Lost Vision From Glaucoma?
unresolved - angle glaucoma is mostly symptom less , but might present with peripheral visual sense red ink that might not be detect early in the disease process . Other symptoms might includeeye pain , cephalalgia , sight loss , ocular blurring , redness of the oculus , and halos around lights , corneal haziness , nauseaandvomitingand narrowed imagination ( tunnel visual modality ) . If the symptom are not treated then it might lead to lasting vision exit causing permanent sightlessness . Thus , once vision is drop off due to glaucoma , the lose imaginativeness can not be recover , as there is permanent damage to the optic nerve . However , there has been evidence that in the initial stage of glaucoma the visual sense can be restored , but glaucoma is not detected in its initial point as initially it is asymptomatic , which makes it hard to detect . The early vision loss can be detected with the assistant of Pattern Electroretinography ( PERG ) examination . Unfortunately , most doctors do not have PERG equipment due to its high cost and time wasting disease .
Diagnosis and Treatment of Glaucoma
An ophthalmologist / oculist usually diagnose glaucoma by value intraocular pressure and examining drainage angle and probable optic nerve price . The various evaluation method admit tonometry , pachymetry , gonioscopy , ophthalmoscopy , visual field testing and confocal laser scanning systems and optical coherence tomography . An person with the above signs and symptom should straight off follow up with an oculist for an eye check especially if he / she is at a greater risk of exposure of develop glaucoma .
Once glaucoma is name , the ocular loss due to optical nerve hurt can not be override , but the disease progression can be controlled with appropriate treatment meter aimed at improving intraocular pressure to prevent further nerve damage and visual sensation loss . The various discourse criterion let in eye pearl aimed at decreasing the intraocular pressure , if eye drop is not successful at lowering intraocular force per unit area then optical maser surgery along with continued role of eye drops or formal middle surgery might be considered . An improvement might be seen with glaucoma treatment , but the improvement is so subtle that the patient is not capable to find it , can only be find with careful visual subject testing . This advance is only passing as most of the improvement is lost within five old age even with treatment .
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