Eye is the one of the most delicate organ of our body . It is the organ through which we see the world . Any accidental injury to it can lead to lasting loss of sight . Commotio retinae is one such precondition , which occurs due to injury to the heart . The effects of the Commotio Retinae injury could be temporary sight loss ; however , if the damage is hard , it can also extend to permanent blindness . Let us see , the symptom , campaign , diagnosing and treatment of Commotio Retinae .
What is Commotio Retinae?
Commotio Retinae is a aesculapian status , which affects the retina of the eye . brand a blunt trauma , the shock wave move through the eye . These Wave hit and damage the retina . The Commotio Retinae injury is characterized by transient , grayish white opacification of the retina . There is diminish vision for a few hour and it recuperate to normal imaginativeness . However , if the price is severe and primal on the retina , then it can lead to permanent blindness . Commotio Retinae is also called Berlin ’s Edema when it affect the macula of the retina .
Symptoms of Commotio Retinae
symptom of Commotio Retinae depart depending on the extent of the trauma :
Epidemiology of Commotio Retinae
Commotio retina was first distinguish in Berlin . Commotio Retinae represents 30 % of all eye injury .
Prognosis of Commotio Retinae
hoo-hah retinae is a self - confine status and resolves on its own without any complications . Hence , the medical prognosis of Commotio Retinae is good in cases of modest trauma . However , the prognosis of Commotio Retinae is not good in typesetter’s case of choroidal rupture , and pigment epithelial harm . The prospect for Commotio Retinae is bad in case of macular injury , retinal detachment or retinal bout .
Causes of Commotio Retinae
Commotio retina is caused due to blunt trauma or blast injury .
Pathophysiology & Recovery Period of Commotio Retinae
Commotio retina is the result of a stark psychic trauma to the eye . This harm causes shift of iris - diaphragm and expansion of the peripheral structures outwards . There is stretching and tearing of the ocular tissues too due to the shockwaves generate by the wallop . It leads to the grayish - white-hot opacification of the retina . It can be ephemeral in type of meek wound . Macula is the central part of the retina and it provides sharp , central and fine vision for meter reading , composition and driving . In case of stern harm , there is macular damage due to increase in intraorbital pressure . Since the eye globe is elastic , it is compressed under pressure , but can absorb cushion . However , the retina is inelastic and undergo the full impression of such a shock , which is passed by the earth . Retinal accidental injury means disruption or atomisation of the photoreceptors in the out section of the retina . In severe cases , there is breakdown of stemma - retinal barrier . A hole in the macular can lead to ill-shapen and blurred central sight .
In meek subject of Commotio Retinae , there is self retrieval within a month to 6 months . While in grave cases of Commotio Retinae involve macular damage , it leads to lasting exit of vision .
Risk Factors of Commotio Retinae
The principal risk factor for commotio retinae are :
Complications of Commotio Retinae
Acute commotio retinae is usually associated with the following complications :
Diagnosis of Commotio Retinae
The ophthalmologist performs the forcible test of the injured eye and notes down the aesculapian story of free-spoken trauma . The adequate history involves determining the power and focus of impact . The imaginativeness sharp-sightedness is checked by the oculus chart .
Dilated funduscopic test reveal grey-headed - livid opacification of the neuroretina along with the fragmented photoreceptors or intracellular edema . There is cherry red macular spot when commotio retina is present .
Treatment of Commotio Retinae
mostly , commotio retinae firmness of purpose and the normal vision is restore without any treatment and any complications . It take nearly a calendar month ( 3 - 4 weeks ) to recover from Commotio Retinae trauma , although some injuries may take 6 month . There is no known therapy yet . In sure complicated cases , high Cupid’s itch of IV steroids is to be devote to lose weight retinal swelling associate with Commotio Retinae .
However , before re - begin with the sports activities , the jock should do thorough centre check - up to bonk if Commotio Retinae has resolved . Since failure to do so can ensue in knottiness in the future . Further injury during sport can also lead to lasting sightlessness .
Prevention of Commotio Retinae
The jock need to protect their eyes during mellow shock mutation activities in purchase order to prevent Commotio Retinae . The athletes necessitate to be trained by the physicians about proper eye and facial protection . They need to put on protective center wear . During humble sportsman activity , spectacles made of polycarbonate lens of 2 mm thickness should be worn ; while during moderate to in high spirits impact sports activities , spectacles made of polycarbonate lens of 3 mm thickness should be fag which consult shelter to the eyes .
The affected role with commotio retinae demand a comprehensive eye learn up to detect the extent of injury to the retina . In summation , the patient needs to be educated regarding the long - condition implications of such injuries and the significance of follow up since there is no known treatment for this medical status . Most of the sport link up eye injuries can be prevent with right role of protective eye wearable and protection mechanisms , which call for to be follow all to avoid complication .
