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COX 1 inhibitors- Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Medications (NSAIDs)
Prostaglandin is one of the most fighting hormone found in all tissues in human body . Prostaglandin participate in contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle as well as activates white blood cells to protect the tissue against the harmful impression of computer virus , phylum Protozoa and bacterium . Prostaglandin triggers increase blood flow within kindle tissue paper . Chronic inflammation is often associated with uninterrupted secernment of prostaglandin that also causes fever and infliction . Prostaglandin also protect mucosal tissue layer of tummy and gut . Prostaglandin secernment is triggered by Cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 enzymes , Cyclooxygenase enzyme win over arachidonic window pane to prostaglandin . There are 2 cyclooxygenase enzyme known as cyclooxygenase 1 ( COX 1 ) and cyclooxygenase 2 ( COX 2 ) enzyme . COX 1 enzyme is find out in inflammatory tissue and mucosal tissue layer . While , COX 2 enzyme is observed only in inflammatory tissue . Inhibition of COX 1 enzyme by non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drug ( NSAIDs ) results in decrease secernment of prostaglandin in inflammatory tissue and mucosal tissue layer . NSAIDS are COX 1 inhibitor and enzyme inhibition causes decrease of fever , nuisance and increase happening of mucosal ulceration . likewise , inhibition of COX 2 enzyme causes decreased febricity and pain but symptoms of ulcers are not honor . COX 2 NSAIDs inhibitors lessen secretion of prostaglandin only in inflammatory tissue and not mucosal membrane . Thus , inhibition of COX 2 enzyme does not get ulceration formation in tummy and bowel .
Which Symptoms And Diseases Are Treated With Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs?
NSAIDs are widely used to treatjoint pain sensation , body aching , head ache , feverishness and forestall descent clot . nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug are also used to treat kindling . NSAIDs are the first drug of choice if pain is do by tissue inflammation . NSAID are also dictate for gibbousness of mucosa , inflammatory joint disease , joint and bone painfulness . Skin and subcutaneous contagion and accidental injury result in kindling are treated with NSAIDs . NSAID are effective for treatment of nociceptive pain in the ass as well as neurogenic annoyance like radicular pain , diabetic pain andsciatica .
What Are The Common Side Effects Of NSAIDs?
The usual side effects observe with NSAID are abdominal pain and heartburn that is make by stomach or intestinal ulceration . Occasional bleeding disorder or kidney disease is observed in few cases . Fluid retention may cause high blood pressure ( increase blood pressure ) . NSAID also causes cephalalgia and lightheadedness . Other side effects celebrate are tinnitus ( phone auricle ) and allergic rashes .
Why Anti-Inflammatory Medications Are Also Called Non-Steroidal Drugs?
Corticosteroids and medications under group of NSAIDS restrict further increase of instigative changes within infected or injured tissue . NSAIDs medicine are classified as nonsteroidal anti - incitive drugs to differentiate from corticoid . The NSAIDs and corticosteroids have a dissimilar chemical substance structure and chemical mechanism of action against ignition are also unlike . NSAIDs inhibits Cyclooxygenase enzyme result in lessening secernment of prostaglandin .
What Is Cyclooxygenase Enzyme?
Cyclooxygenase enzyme is also sleep together as COX enzyme . There are two character of COX enzyme , known as COX 1 and COX 2 . The cyclooxygenase enzymes are find in epithelial and endothelial cell . Cyclooxygenase enzyme 1 ( COX 1 ) are predominantly see endothelial cell of mucosal membrane . likewise , COX 2 enzyme are preponderantly observe in fire up tissue following transmission , tissue paper damage or injury . The fighting COX 2 enzyme causes increase secernment of prostaglandin in inflamed tissue .
Cox 1 and 2 enzyme spark off conversion of arachnoid acid to prostaglandin within epithelial and endothelial cells . Such chemical rebirth of arachnoid superman to prostaglandin is initiation by microbiological action of cyclooxygenase enzyme . COX1 enzymes also on a regular basis secretion of prostaglandin within stomach and intestinal mucosa by stimulating intestinal endothelial cells to secrete prostaglandin that protects the mucosal layer .
What is COX 1 Inhibitor?
COX 1 inhibitors are NSAIDs . NSAIDs antagonizes cyclooxygenase enzyme and suppresses the conversion of arachnoid acid to prostaglandin . Thus , NSAIDs decreases secretion of prostaglandin within inflamed tissue by inhibiting COX 2 enzyme as well as mucosal tissue layer of stomach and bowel by inhibit COX 1 enzyme . The decrease prostaglandin secretion within conflagrate tissue helps to reduced infliction and toxins that causes fever . Same clock time , diminish secernment of prostaglandin within breadbasket and intestine causes organisation of ulceration and haemorrhage anatomy ulceration surface since trade protection of these mucosal membrane by prostaglandin is removed . COX 1 inhibitor NSAIDs inhibits COX 1 enzyme and make decrease of pyrexia , pain and intensity of rubor , as well as removes protection of mucosal membrane resulting in ulceration shaping followed bleed from ulceration .
Which NSAIDs Are Better COX 1 or COX 2 Inhibitor?
COX 2 inhibitor decreases prostaglandin secretion within inflamed tissue and helps to relieve symptom like and pain and fever . While COX 1 enzyme inhibitors ( NSAIDs ) lessen secernment of prostaglandin within inflamed tissue and mucosal membrane . cyclooxygenase 1 enzyme inhibitor thus minify symptoms of pain and feverishness but also do tum and enteric ulcers . It seems COX 2 enzyme inhibitors are skilful since the therapy relives symptoms like pain and fever and also prevents formation of stomach and intestinal ulcer .
Which Are The NSAIDs Most Often Used?
Low dose of 81 milligram of Aspirin is widely used as a contraceptive parentage thinning medicament to prevent heart fire . Similarly , ibuprofen and naproxen are very often used forarthritis , joint botheration and muscleman ache . Bayer , isobutylphenyl propionic acid and naproxen are available over the counter and does not involve doctor prescription .
Classification of COX 1 Inhibitors: NSAIDs
COX 1 inhibitors are divided in following 5 groups .
Salicylates
Propionic acid derivative
Acetic Acid derivatives
Enolic Acid differential coefficient
Pyrazolones
Oxycam
Fenamic Acid Derivatives
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References
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