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Olfactory neuroblastoma is a very rare cancer that develops in the upper part of the nasal cavity . It is think to be due to the nerve tissue paper associated with the sense of smell . Olfactory neuroblastoma commonly grows slow , but in some case may break chop-chop and aggressively . quicker growing neoplasm can spread widely.(1 )
How Common Is Olfactory Neuroblastoma Or Is It A Rare Disease?
Olfactory neuroblastoma is a uncommon malignant tumor of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses . It accounts for approximately 6 % of nasal andparanasal fistula cancercases and 0.3 % of malignant tumors of the upper digestive tract.(2)To diagnose olfactory neuroblastoma , your Dr. will :
The diagnostic search for olfactory neuroblastoma is often carry out by an ENT specialist , neurologist , brain surgeon , and ophthalmologist or in combining . A neoplasm can be suspect by rhinoscopy . The thick mucous secretion that interpose with the examination is sucked out of the nasal cavity . Rhinoscopy shows a striking shift in the rhinal septum and the presence of tumour mass , with a reddish - bluish color and a rocky surface that often bleeds during the inspection . Rhinoscopy makes it potential to distinguish the tumour from other foreign body , nasal polyps , and adenoids .
Olfactory neuroblastoma can be detected byx - rayof the paranasal fistula . Other informative method let in CT of the venous sinus and MRI of the brain , comprehensive selective information about the sizing of the tumour and the limits of its spread can be obtain .
In 70 - 50 % of cases , the tumor cell are detected by cytologic analysis of the nasal consonant discharge . However , their absence in a smear does not rule out a tumor . Complete diagnosing of this disease is only potential according to the results of histologic testing of neoplasm tissue and biopsy during rhinoscopy .
With the aid of throat CT , a hunt is carried out for regional and removed metastases of olfactory neuroblastoma , neck tissueultrasound , skeletal scintigraphy , CT of the breast , MRI of the liver and abdomen MSCT.(3 )
Symptoms Of Olfactory Neuroblastoma
The most plebeian symptom of olfactory neuroblastoma is inveterate congestion on the side of the olfactory organ . This can last month or even years before a diagnosis is made .
Other symptom may include :
Depending on the size of it and spread of the tumor , you may also encounter :
Your doctor may refer you to a brain doctor or ophthalmologist to see these issues.(4 )
Olfactory Neuroblastoma Treatment
Surgery , radiotherapy therapy , or a combination of the two is often used to treat these neoplasm . hairlike neuroblastoma usually repeat topically and may spread to other parts of the torso . The early and aggressive handling produces the best medical prognosis .
Minimally Invasive Surgery : Olfactory neuroblastoma can be handle directly using endoscopic nasal endoscopy ( EEA ) . This province - of - the - art minimally invading method allow surgeons to get at the neoplasm through the natural passage of the nozzle without the need for an unresolved incision . The sawbones then transfer the neoplasm through the nose and nasal enclosed space .
The benefits of EEA surgery are healing without scratch , no disfigurement and abbreviated convalescence clip . EEA is a suitable treatment option for most olfactory neuroblastoma and has advantages because it produces fewer ramification than international method acting . If you need complementary therapies , such as radiation or chemotherapy , these can be started directly after the EEA procedure.(5 )
Radiation Therapy And Chemotherapy : Postoperative radiotherapy has been shown to thin backsliding rates .
Chemotherapycan be used for grainy blastomas involving relapsed , unresectable or metastatic type .
Radiation therapy is efficacious in olfactory neuroblastomas and its regional metastases . It can be administrate as proton therapy , saturation - modulated radiation syndrome therapy or brachytherapy . Radiosurgery is a special type of radiation therapy . The latter is worthy for the intervention of aesthetics in hard - to - reach position , if , due to the severe bodily experimental condition of the patient , no open surgery can be performed .
Chemotherapy is required if there is a significant counterpane of Crab and the presence of metastases . It is normally carried out in the preoperative degree of intervention and combine with radiation.(6 )
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