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Nephrotic syndrome is a assembling of a group of symptoms consist of albuminuria ( loss of protein > 3.5 g / twenty-four hours ) , microalbuminuria , dyslipidemia , lipiduria , and edema.[1]It occurs due to severe kidney involvement in various systemic diseases likediabetes , HIV , amyloidosis , lupus erythematosusor it may fall out primarily to the kidneys like focal segmental glomerulosclerosis , membrane-forming nephropathy , minimum change disease and sometimes membranoproliferative nephropathy also . It may also present in chronic kidney disease like continuing nephritic failure . Sometimes , very rarely it can also occur congenitally due to the absence seizure of few important protein of the glomerulus like nephrin , responsible for for the filtration of the wastefulness products in the kidneys and halt of the albumin and other proteins in it .
How Dangerous Is Nephrotic Syndrome?
Nephrotic syndrome can vary from one extreme to another extreme that is compass from very picayune and self - resolving disease to a dangerous and life - endanger stipulation depending upon the cause and hardness of the disease subaltern to which nephrotic syndrome has occurred .
The most common causa of nephrotic syndrome is minimum change disease which occurs almost only in children and is a self - throttle disease . Nephrotic reach of proteinuria occurs very commonly in it and gets resolve within a few days of its onset even without any medicine .
On the other hand , nephrotic syndrome caused due to membranous renal disorder which is is idiopathic in nature ( cause is unknown ) occurring commonly in other uttermost long time radical that is elderly group of citizenry has worst forecast that is it is the most dangerous type of nephrotic syndrome and extend a enceinte endangerment to spirit and do not get determine even with a very good discussion .
Nephrotic syndrome occurring in adults is commonly due to focal segmented glomerulosclerosis which is secondary to systemic disease likediabetes mellitus , HIV , amyloidosis , etc . It is a dangerous stipulation carry poor forecast with a crushed survival of the fittest pace but can be control for a few years with the uncommitted medication .
It occurs due to the inability of kidneys to strain properly which results in the exit of mess of protein in the urine . It is term as proteinuria because of more specifically loss of albumin protein in it . As the protein is lost , it makes the eubstance to compensate for it by retaining fluid and salt.(1 )
Is Nephrotic Syndrome Contagious?
The answer to this motion is no . There is nothing to be venerate of this disease on the account of infectivity and contagiousness . This is because it is not triggered by any infecting federal agent like computer virus , bacteria , etc . rather it is a disorder of non - infective pedigree where its causes can be inflammatory response make by full complement activation antibodies establishment against specific kidney antigens . It may also occur due to circulatory causa like persistent hypertension due to diabetes , coronary artery disease , HIV and other causes lead to contraction of belittled blood vas of kidney rest in the glomerulus and can undergo focal sclerosis lead to failure of the kidney to filter out the protein present in the blood . Although it is very rare of the nephrotic syndrome to present after an infective cause it may occur seldom after post - streptococcic glomerulonephritis with the antibodies present against streptococcus cross - reacting with kidney antigen but still it is utterly noninfective because it occurs after the subsidisation of the contagion and is an seditious phenomenon.(1 )
Conclusion
Nephrotic syndrome is a dangerous status and it is to be taken seriously even after however lilliputian it may seem . The rigour of the disease depends upon the age group , the etiology , resistant system of the body , etc .
On the front of contagiousness , it is nothing to be feared because it is absolutely non - catching in nature . There is no need for any precaution to the people surround the patient .
With early detection and discussion , the disease can be specify to minimal burden on the body and life expectancy and quality can be improved with timely intervention by the help of drug and surgery if required .
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