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What is Melioidosis?
Melioidosis is abacterial infectionthat can be understand in the great unwashed who come in verbatim contact with contaminated soil or water . It is also known by the name of Whitmore Disease . Melioidosis is commonly seen in Southeast Asia and some portion of Australia , the prevalence of it in the United States is quite rarefied according to the Center for Disease Control.[1,2 ]
The bacteria responsible for Melioidosis is know by the name of Burkholderia pseudomallei which has the leaning to be present both in filth and water . In the United States , the case of Melioidosis occur in people who have traveled to countries where this term is predominant like Malaysia , North Australia , Thailand , and Singapore.[1,2 ]
People who have a compromised immune system or are older in old age are most vulnerable of contracting Melioidosis . Additionally citizenry with underlying medical condition like diabetes , liver dysfunction , renal disfunction , cancer , and lung problems are also at increased risk for developing Melioidosis.[1,2 ]
What Is The Mode Of Transmission Of Melioidosis?
As stated , the primary mode of transmission of Melioidosis to humans is by fare in lineal contact with polluted dirt and water . The bacteria can pass through the skin surface by entering through cuts and bruises on the tegument or a person can breathe in contaminated water droplets present in the aviation through mouthpiece . There is no human to human infection in cases of Melioidosis . Aside from human , Melioidosis can also be understand in sure animals like sheep , goats , horses , cats , and dogs.[2 ]
What are the Symptoms of Melioidosis?
Melioidosis can cause a variety of symptoms in humans . This is because the bacterium can strike various organs of the body . The symptoms begin to surface within two to four weeks of transmission of exposure to the bacterium . However , in some case an someone with Melioidosis may rest symptomless for years.[2 ]
The symptoms of Melioidosis depend on the affected part of the body . If the rake gets infected then the patient may experience trouble respiration , confusion , concern , febricity , pain in the joint , and stomach pains . If the skin gets affected by Melioidosis then the patient will have fever , discharge from the wound through which the bacteria entered the body , annoyance , intumescency and erythema around the affected area[2 ]
Melioidosis can also involve the lung . When this bump the affected role starts to experience thorax pain , frequent tear of coughing , lasting headaches , fever , and appetite passing . Melioidosis becomes extremely serious if multiple body systems get affect or there is a infected transmission . In such cases , the mortality rate of the person increase to 90 % . Some of the symptoms of infected shape of Melioidosis let in chest pain , headaches , fever , seizures , joint pain , and unintentional weight loss.[2 ]
How Is Melioidosis Diagnosed?
To get to the diagnosing of Melioidosis , the MD first enquire with the affected role about the symptom . The physician will also ask whether the patient has travel out of the country to an surface area where Melioidosis may be prevalent . This will be followed by a detailed strong-arm examination.[2 ]
Since Melioidosis is an transmission that resembles other conditions liketuberculosisor pneumonia , it becomes prudent to decree out these condition before add up to a diagnosis of Melioidosis . This is done by doing a culture of the rake , sputum , pus , and piss . A close observation of the specimens during culture will reveal growth of the bacteria that stimulate Melioidosis thus confirm the diagnosis.[2 ]
It is quite rarefied for doc to put envision study for a diagnosis of Melioidosis but it can be quite helpful in determining the extent to which the disease has work up and to forge a treatment plan for the patient.[2 ]
How is Melioidosis Treated?
Intravenous antibiotics are the first line of handling for Melioidosis . Ceftazidime or meropenem are the choice of drugs that are used to regale this condition . The medications are give for a period of about two weeks.[2 ]
Emily Post treatment with IV antibiotics , the patient will be prescribe a course of unwritten antimicrobial medications like trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole combination . It is mandatory for the patient to complete the class of the medications for Melioidosis to be completely cured and preclude return of the condition.[2 ]
Can Melioidosis Be Prevented?
Melioidosis is a condition that can be prevented . There are certain forethought that a soul can take if he or she visits an area where Melioidosis is quite common . These precautions include.[1,2 ]
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