What is Micrognathia?
Micrognathia is a term identify by a small lower jaw . A child suffering from this aesculapian condition has a much small low jaw as compared to the rest of the cheek . It occurs in the 4th week of the foetal gestation due to insufficiency in the movement of neuronal top cells . It fall out commonly among baby and resolves when the tike reachespuberty . The smaller jaw size of it leads to difficultness in give baby ; while in adult , micrognathia may create trouble while introducinganesthesia .
Symptoms of Micrognathia
primary feature of Micrognathia is an anomaly in the structure of the low jaw as it is considerably smaller than the other theatrical role of the face . It can be note first during infancy . These children are difficult to feed and the jaw has a small orifice . respiration problems likeapnea , dyspnea , and abnormally rapid external respiration are other symptom that are detected . The lower jaw size obstructs the airways that cause difficulty in ventilation . Moreover , the glossa does not acquire to an average sizing due to the abnormally small jaw size .
Causes of Micrognathia
The causes of micrognathia are :
Pierre Robin Syndrome : It is a innate disorderliness with a facial malformation . This syndrome is a familial anomaly of chromosomes 2 and 11 .
Wolf - Hirschhorn Syndrome : Wolf - Hirschhorn syndromeis get due to depletion in chromosome 4 where discrete facial abnormality can be remark causing micrognathia .
Progeria as a Cause of Micrognathia : It is a rare hereditary aesculapian circumstance that involve speedy aging of a tike and occurs as a result of genetical mutation .
Cri - du - Chat Syndrome : This genetical status is caused because of excision in chromosome 5 . It is characterized by physical deformities , developmental handicap , and Arabian tea - similar cries .
Trisomy 13 & 18 as a Cause of Micrognathia : In both these genetic disorder , an extra genetical material is present . This extra genetic stuff results in serious physical deformities and mental deficiencies .
The other causes of micrognathia include the following :
Diagnosis of Micrognathia
In the antepartum diagnosis , doctors may keep a small chin on the boldness during the ultrasound and if the medico suspects micrognathia , will pay attention to the outgrowth of chin during the remaining part of pregnancy . The doctor may refer the shell to a medical specialist who can manage high-pitched - peril pregnancies . The doc may even do a detailedultrasoundfor a closer look at the birth defects . Some doctors may even adviseMRIduring pregnancy to examine the babe ’s palate .
Treatment for Micrognathia
Micrognathia is present at birth . It can be noticed during babyhood when the child has feeding problems . This condition gets normal when the child reach pubescence as the jawbone modernise with the advancement of the child ’s age . Treatment is generally not ask for Micrognathia except a regular monitoring . Several adjustment are required to survive the alimentation wont of the child with particular equipment along with modified eating habits that can avail to course the child . Surgery for Micrognathia may be needed to be done by an orthodontist and bracing can help to correct the misaligned teeth .
Prevention of Micrognathia
There is no verbatim way of prevent micrognathia and many of the underlie condition that induce it can not be prevented . If there is an inherited disorder , a genetic counselor may inform you whether it can pass on on to your child .
Conclusion
Micrognathia is a congenital problem . When the humble jaw of the small fry produce , the feeding problem halt automatically . Corrective operating room is successful and can take 9 to 12 month to cure a child ’s jaw . Treatment is not always necessary . The babe with medical status like Pierre Robin syndrome can live normal spirit ; while babies with trisomy 13 have a shortsighted life brace . Dr. can tell about the outlook establish on the fry ’s aesculapian condition .
