What is Parageusia?
Parageusia is a type of taste disorder where a person experiences change in taste in the oral fissure , especially has bad taste . Parageusia is a condition where a person has bad preference in the mouth . Parageusia also includes modification in gustatory sensation and wrong perception of particular taste . Metallic taste of food is a common type of parageusia , which can occur as a side core to many medications .
Parageusia can be lasting or it can be temporary . Temporary Parageusia can occur from infections , such asinfluenza , sinusitis , common cold , pharyngitis , respiratory contagion , auricle infectionetc . Permanent Parageusia can occur from nerve damage .
For regale parageusia , it is important to find the cause of parageusia or the seed of the unsound / altered tasting .
Classification of Taste Disorders
Taste disorders are categorise into : Parageusia , Hypogeusia , Dysgeusia and Ageusia .
Pathophysiology of Parageusia
The sense of taste is communicated to the mind through the tasting bud . sense of taste buds are present on the tongue and the roof of the sass and they consist of cells , which collect information about sense of taste . Taste bud have the ability to identify only the following gustatory modality : turned , salty , virulent , sweet and umami ( recently discovered ) . Other more subtle tastes and flavors can be experience through olfactory modality . So , in some cases if a mortal think there is a problem with their gustation , it could really be a job with the someone ’s smell .
The surface of tongue contain the taste receptor cells . There are 5 types of tastes recognise by the taste bud which include dark , sweet , piquant , bitter , and umami . Umami is a recently discovered taste superstar . The taste buds contain the taste sensory receptor cell , which are a cluster of cells present in a ball-shaped style . A pore is present on the surface of the taste bud . The microvilli of the sense organ cells project into this pore . Taste buds are present in the papillae that are present on the dorsum of the tongue and along the lateral margin of the clapper , at the junction of the base of the tongue ; in the palate , larynx , epiglottis and esophagus . The glossopharyngeal , facial and vagal nerves transmit the sense of gustatory sensation to the encephalon . There are 3 types of taste sensory receptor .
When a person takes a bite of the food , it gets mixed with the saliva and interact with the taste sense organ which results in a chemical reaction . This make contagion of afferent sign to the intellectual cortex of the learning ability about the taste .
What Causes Parageusia?
There are various cause for taste disorders including parageusia . Some of the cause include damage to the taste bud , drug side gist , nervus trouble , infections and other wellness problems . Most of the causes of parageusia are temporary and reversible . Common movement of parageusia include :
Infections : contagion , such as influenza , sinusitis , raw throat , ear infection , tonsillitis , common cold , adenoidal transmission , respiratory infection , oral barm contagion and salivary gland infection can make parageusia .
Medicines : sure medicines can also cause gustatory modality changes including parageusia . Some of the taste disrupting drug include : HIV / AIDSdrugs ; Crab treatment ; warfarin ( profligate thin ) ; lithium ( humor stabilizer ) ; venlafaxine ( antidepressant ) ; propafenone ( anti - arrhythmic ) ; alendronate ( forosteoporosis ) ; Glucophage ( fordiabetes&obesity ) ; topiramate ( anticonvulsant ) ; olopatadine ( antihistamine ) ; morphine ( pain comforter ) ; antibiotics , dihydroergotamine ( formigraines ) ; chlorhexidine ( disinfectant / antiseptic ) ; ACE inhibitors ( anti - hypertensive ) ; allergic reaction medicines ; chlordiazepoxide & clidinium bromide combination ( for treating IBS and ulceration ) ; captopril & hydrochlorothiazide combination ( antihypertensive ) ; and dorzolamide & timolol combining ( for treating center status ) .
Medical Problems : Other health problem , which can cause parageusia admit : allergies , uremia , dry mouth , candidiasis , depression , stroke , TIA , Bell ’s palsy , nasal polypus , brain tumor , pemphigus , tooth origin , Sjogren ’s syndrome , mastoidectomy , kidney nonstarter , hemicrania , try out nerve damage , fluid and electrolyte unbalance ; chemical substance ( insect powder ) , aging process , hypothyroidism , unwritten tumour , diabetes mellitus , smoking , ENT surgery , head psychic trauma / injury / concussion ; hapless oral hygiene , hormonal changes ( pregnancy , menopauseetc . ) , metabolic and endocrine upset ( thyroid gland disease , diabetes ) ; mineral and vitamin inadequacy ; Cancer the Crab handling ( chemotherapy , radiation therapy therapy ) ; and dental job ( caries , periodontic disease , gingivitis , tooth abscess ) .
