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Multiple internal secretion neoplasia syndromes are rarified inherit diseases characterized by magnification and overactivity of many endocrine glands at a time . These diseases are triggered by mutations in the genes that are passed in families from generation to genesis . The hypertrophied endocrine gland may have benignant or malignant tumour . They can develop either in baby age or in old age . Their symptom depend on the glands postulate in the disease . A genetic screening test can diagnose the problem related to the disease and can be treated accordingly . However , they are incurable .
What Are The Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes?
Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome or MEN refers to a chemical group of inherit disorder that pass to the development of tumour in more than one tumor in internal secretion glands at a time . It can involve major endocrine glands like pituitary , thyroid , parathyroid , adrenal secretory organ and pancreas . The tumors develop can be benign or malignant . Benign tumors are slow - develop tumour that are located in a single part of the body and do not distribute to other parts . It is also not a life - threatening condition . Malignant neoplasm are rapidly growing tumor that spread to other voice . If malignant tumors are not managed in good order , it can be fatal.(1 )
MEN syndrome is a genetic disorderliness that passes on in sept from one genesis to others . 50 % of children behave in household with a history of MEN syndrome will develop such a disorder .
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes Types
There are three type of MEN syndrome-
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia or MEN 1-
The the great unwashed who have MEN1 syndrome develop tumor in thepituitary gland , parathyroid gland , and pancreas . These tumors are benignant in nature and they never turn into malignant forms . These tumour are mould due to giantism and overactivity of these glands . This eccentric usually develop in puerility or adulthood.(2 )
Symptoms :
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia or MEN 2A
MEN 2A affects the thyroid gland gland , adrenal secreter and parathyroid gland lead in the formation of tumors . symptom appear due to overactivity of tumors acquire in these endocrine glands . This type normally starts at the age of 30 years . It results in the development of medullary thyroid cancer in almost 95 % of the cases . In 40 - 50 % of case , certain tumors in adrenal glands ( pheochromocytoma ) may develop leading to an increase in blood pressure.(3 )
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia or MEN 2B
MEN 2B regulate the bodily process of thyroid gland gland and adrenal gland . It also results in the growth of tumors in these gland . It is a uncommon case of MEN . It may lead to abnormal features such as unnatural frame , abnormal height , and boney structure , collectively name as marfanoid features . It may have cancerous growth in the thyroid gland . It may come along in puerility before the old age of 10 years.(4 )
Conclusion
Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes is a uncommon inherited disease in which tumor is developed in the endocrine organs . It involves major endocrine gland glands like pituitary gland , parathyroid , thyroid , adrenal secretor and pancreas . These tumors can be benign or malignant according to the nature of the neoplasm circularise to other parts of the torso .
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