What is Hemifacial Microsomia?
Hemifacial Microsomia is a innate diseased condition which is get word now at giving birth or within a few days of life in which a child is born with developing lower part of the human face to include the ear , mouth , and jaw . The extent of the circumstance is varying in that in some case only one side of the face may be strike whereas in some slip both the sides of the font may get affected . Due to this underdevelopment of the lower part of the face , the child with hemifacial microsomia may have problem with catch one’s breath apart from other cosmetic tortuousness .
The accurate cause for Hemifacial Microsomia is still a matter of ongoing enquiry but it is believe to be caused due to lack of blood supply to the small part of the face during the developing form of the foetus . Some studies propose a genetic link to this upset primarily because of some kinfolk appendage being also affected by Hemifacial Microsomia along with the patient . A child with Hemifacial Microsomia will have to undergo a battery of surgery and a multidisciplinary approach shot towards treatment .
What are the Causes of Hemifacial Microsomia?
As state , there is no clear cut aetiology for development of Hemifacial Microsomia but studies evoke some sort of vascular problem during pregnancy may lead in evolution of Hemifacial Microsomia and hence because of shorten blood flow to the facial region during maternity the face starts to develop on an irregular basis resulting in Hemifacial Microsomia . In some cases a genetic link is suggest to be the cause of Hemifacial Microsomia and the traffic pattern of heritage are autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive traits . An autosomal dominant trait takes place when a copy of the defective factor is exceed to the child from one parent and that is enough to stimulate the term whereas autosomal recessive trait is one in which the child needs two copies from both the parent of the defective genere lodge to get the experimental condition , although many study evoke that if there is one baby in the family with Hemifacial Microsomia then the chances of another tyke have this precondition is only about 3 % . Certain chromosome abnormalities have also been related to the development of Hemifacial Microsomia .
Is Hemifacial Microsomia Common?
Answering the question as to whether Hemifacial Microsomia is a common disorder then it must be said that after Down Syndrome this is the 2nd most usual inborn abnormality .
What are the Symptoms of Hemifacial Microsomia?
The Greco-Roman presenting feature of Hemifacial Microsomia is unnatural coming into court facial expression of the child when he or she is born . There are some misshapenness of the face which are understandably visible but some deformities may not be that intelligibly seeable . Some of the common deformities that can be seen in child with Hemifacial Microsomia are :
There are also sure other complications that come up due to Hemifacial Microsomia and they are spinal malformations , abnormal kidneys , and heart defect . Some children with Hemifacial Microsomia may notice it unmanageable to open their back talk and may have poor dental stipulation with poor alliance of tooth .
How is Hemifacial Microsomia Diagnosed?
Hemifacial Microsomia can be diagnose at giving birth easily by just looking at the facial misshapenness but to confirm the diagnosis the physician will take a close flavor at the ears , jaw , center , teeth , and aspect . Radiological studies may also be ordain to get a adept knowledge as to how much distorted are the body structure in the phase of ex - ray , CT or MRI scans . To check whether other function of the eubstance are also affected by Hemifacial Microsomia , the physician may arrange nephritic ultrasound to hold the functioning of the kidneys and ECG to check the operation of the heart as they both may get move in child with Hemifacial Microsomia , although it is rare .
How is Hemifacial Microsomia Treated?
intervention for Hemifacial Microsomia look on the severity of the condition and the overall health of the nestling . The nipper will have to undergo a battery of psychometric test and surgery for reconstructive purposes but this might be kept on hold until the child is a moment onetime so that he or she can tolerate such complex surgeries . operating theater are basically done to reconstruct the underdeveloped parts of the face for cosmetic reasons . The follow are the treatments done for Hemifacial Microsomia :
Ears : To correct the ears in patient suffering from Hemifacial Microsomia , surgery will be done when the child is around 8 year of years when the ears are of adult size of it . The surgery may be predate by a hearing test to check whether there is any defect in the internal structures of the ear .
Face : To compensate the face in patient hurt from Hemifacial Microsomia , bribery of tissue paper or muscle may be used to fulfill out the malar , either using the child ’s own tissue paper or using synthetic tissue .
Feeding and external respiration : A small jaw ensue from Hemifacial Microsomia can cause difficulty eating and breathing and thus surgery may have to be performed to address this way out .
What is the Prognosis for Hemifacial Microsomia?
Hemifacial Microsomia may make it unmanageable for the child to eat and emit unremarkably and hence should be supervise very closely . Some nestling may have permanent difficulty with speaking , sense of hearing , or facial movement . Despite all these hindrances , majority of children with Hemifacial Microsomia go on to live healthy lives if they are treated early and carefully supervise for any complications rise from Hemifacial Microsomia .
