What is Cortical Blindness?
During the past decade , there has been significant increment in imagination loss due to substantial impairment to the brain rather than disease or condition directly bear on to the centre . One such deterioration is the cortical blindness which is the loss of vision because of bilateral wound of a segment of the learning ability called geniculocalcarine pathways . In simple-minded terms , Cortical blindness is the complete or fond going of imagination in an eye that has been damaged due to personnel casualty or injury to the visual cerebral cortex , that part of the cerebral cortex that is responsible for vision , through stroke , traumatic brain damage , cerebral hemorrhaging , and infection such asencephalitisormeningitis .
Such a vision loss in tyke may either be lasting or transitory depending upon the causa of such damage . In such event , patients may or may not be cognizant of the visual deficits . When the patient is unaware of the level of optical loss they are termed of as “ Anton syndrome ” .
Types of Cortical Blindness
Cortical Blindness can either be in the form of acquired or congenital or it could be ephemeral . The occurrence of adopt cortical blindness is due to the lack of flow of blood to the occipital lens cortex , either due to cardiac surgery or ischemic stroke where there is closure of cerebral artery which can be unilateral or bilateral . In such event , the visual sensation of the affected person is often recovered and not damage permanently . The movement of congenital cortical blindness can be because of meningitis , perinatal ischemic diagonal or phrenitis .
Another cortical blindness form bonk as Riddoch phenomenon occurs from lesion organise in the occipital pallium which impairs the ability of the person from seeing static objects . Sometimes they are able-bodied to see the movement of the thing but are unable to place the shape or color of the moving object .
Symptoms of Cortical Blindness
The unremarkably observe symptom associated with transient or acquired cortical cecity includes –
Causes of Cortical Blindness
The causes of Cortical Blindness can be many drive by several component out of which the most common drive being ischaemia to the occipital lobes in which one or both of the posterior cerebral arteries are blocked . However , the other crusade add towards passing or acquired cortical cecity admit :
Diagnosis of Cortical Blindness
One of the basic diagnostic tests to verify if a person is suffering from cortical blindness is to make an objective substantiation of the non - cortical functions of the optic nervousness and the eye . This is the first diagnostic tryout conducted to place such visionary ailment because although the person affected by such trouble has no imaginativeness , the response of their pupil to dismount remains inviolate as the reflex is not now relate to the cortex . This test will help to tick off whether they are capable to secernate Inner Light and dark as also whether their pupil dilates and contracts to the outcome of Light Within .
The next test is to necessitate the patient to describe a thing that he or she could have been had the imaginativeness been normal such the number of fingers held up in front of the person or the identification of a fussy sign or designation of any especial object . Patients affected by cortical cecity will not be able to make such distinction with truth able to provide any item other than the shape or color of the object in question . This is a clear indication of the fact that the lack of visual modality is due to neurologic disorder rather than any ocular effects . It points towards the fact that the occipital cortex is unable to process and aright translate the comment visual sensation coming from the retina . Fundoscopy , commonly bang as ophthalmoscopy is a common test conducted in cortical sightlessness patients .
Treatment of Cortical Blindness
Till date , there has been no specific treatment that can help cure the problem of cortical blindness , but there are rehabilitation exercises that might facilitate to stimulate vision in people suffering from such neurological disorderliness . These employment make use of affair that have contrasting movement , color and blueprint that advertize recognition . Tactile and verbal clues might concentrate on a particular stimulation . It is recommended by neurologist conducting such tests to maintain a reproducible home surroundings that will allow for the individual suffering from such disorder to isolate a fussy target and then track it . Some of the affected role suffering from such complicatedness might retain a certain degree of vision , particularly the peripheral visual modality .
Prevention of Cortical Blindness
This condition of sightlessness is not an heart disease and hence the examination of the eye of the affected role will show no pathological defect . This is in reality a disorder of the brain in the occipital lobe that is in control of the visual stimuli and as such there is no material therapeutic to such visionary problem . The only way out is to keep updated with the medical examination of the oculus to name any significant modification . The recovery process can be gradual , fond , speedy or even impossible in certain instance .
Conclusion
The termination of a patient suffering from adopt cortical cecity is generally based on the original causal agent of the blindness . Such as , affected role with bilateral occipital lesions have relatively lower chances of convalescence than those suffering from a transient ischaemic attack or females experiencing complications arise from eclampsia . Those having acquired cortical blindness have minimal chances of getting a lasting red ink of imagination . Several effort are being made to line up a proper solution to the problem of cortical blindness and the process of ‘ relearning therapy ’ might allow for a expert chance for patient role to clearly make sense of the visual environs without any major complication .
