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What is Dysphoric Mania?
An individual is said to have Dysphoric Mania when he or she has depressive symptom couple with manic episodes . This is usually encounter in hoi polloi with bipolar disorder . It is also known by the name of Mixed Mania . The DSM - V criteria specifies that for an somebody to be diagnosed as Dysphoric Mania , it is essential for that individual to show complete episode of both depression and frenzied episodes for at least a week.[1 ]
Bipolar disorderis a psychological condition that hap in around 3 % of hoi polloi in the United States . study suggest that around 30 - 40 % of masses with bipolar upset ache from Dysphoric Mania . This is based on a study report published in 2015 . go through both depressive symptoms and manic instalment at the same metre makes this condition quite a challenge for MD to first diagnose and then treat . However , there are various treatments available which have been explained below in detail.[2 ]
What Causes Dysphoric Mania?
There is no root reason of Dysphoric Mania identified as of yet and research is still on-going in this respect . Some studies have opined that there is a genetic nexus to the developing of bipolar disorder that further intensifies to Dysphoric Mania . According to various bailiwick there is a whopping 10 time increased risk for people develop bipolar disorder and then Dysphoric Mania in people who have a family story or have a near congeneric with this upset . However , many researchers believe that such instances where bipolar disorder or Dysphoric Mania runs in families are quite rare.[2 ]
sum abuse however is something that is closely colligate to the development of bipolar disorder and subsequent Dysphoric Mania . There are also some risk gene that increase the risk of an individual developing Dysphoric Mania . These factors include seasonal changes that affect the circadian round of an individual which affect the sleep and other factor which have a role to trifle in an person ’s overall psychological well - being increase the risk of single develop changes that are see in Dysphoric Mania.[2 ]
sure classes of medication like tricyclic antidepressant drug and amphetamine increase the risk of an individual developing bipolar disorderliness and ultimately Dysphoric Mania . An individual who does not get proper slumber is most at risk for develop Dysphoric Mania . research worker however believe that further studies need to be done to better empathise the causal agency behind the two states of depression and mania that total to the vanguard in an someone with Dysphoric Mania.[2 ]
What are the Symptoms of Dysphoric Mania?
The symptom of Dysphoric Mania can be divided into two one-half which are the symptom of depression and the symptom of manic episodes . It is the combination of these two symptoms which makes this condition unequaled and extremely hard to treat . An individual experiencing symptoms of both mania as well asdepressionis more at risk of exposure for self - harm or harm to others than mass who just have either depression or just manic episodes.[2 ]
What further makes the treatment difficult is the fact that if one aspect of the illness like low is treated with antidepressant drug it often makes the other aspect of the illness that is the manic episodes worsened . harmonise the DSM - V , the symptoms of depression include the following:[2 ]
The DSM - V draw the symptom of manic episode like :
What happens in sundry mania is that the individual has alternating periods of depression and mania meaning that there will be period of perfect depressive disorder tack with elated mood in quick succession . This is what take a leak Dysphoric Mania pestilent dangerous.[2 ]
The patient will find delight in crying or when in pain or the affected role may have a surge of ideas when all unenrgetic . The combination of the two conditions with its associated symptoms can increase the risk of self-destruction multifold . In fact , it becomes a aesculapian emergency and requires immediate treatment.[2 ]
How is Dysphoric Mania Treated?
As express , Dysphoric Mania is a baffling condition to process . Many masses with depression find antidepressants helpful ; however , it makes the symptoms of frenzied episodes worse and thus caution should be assert before giving such medications . In most cases , the physician will dictate humor stabilizers and antipsychotic medicament . A standalone therapy will not work in cases of Dysphoric Mania and a combination of drugs which ensure the symptom of both depression and manic disorder will be required for treatment of Dysphoric Mania.[2 ]
Some of the preferred medications which are used to process Dysphoric Mania include risperidone . This drug is highly effective in treating mania but is not so effective in treat impression . Some of the other medications that are used include olanzapine and aripiprazole . The most preferred mood stabilizer which are in effect in process Dysphoric Mania let in carbamazepine , divalproex atomic number 11 , and oxcarbazepine.[2 ]
It should be noted that all the medications given for treatment of Dysphoric Mania have important side effect profile and in most casing the affected role have conformity issue which often get the handling ineffective . Some study suggest that anticonvulsants are quite effective in treatment of Dysphoric Mania . This is peculiarly rightful if they are used in combination with antipsychotics or an anxiolytic.[2 ]
Compliance is something which is absolutely necessary and should be adhered to . As long as the handling plan is come after diligently by the affected role then the episodes of Dysphoric Mania can be insure to a significant level . In gain , electroconvulsive therapy is yet another way to treat the symptoms of Dysphoric Mania . This is set aside for people who find medicinal drug discourse ineffective or have compliance exit with medication . This subroutine involves giving control electric shocks to the patients.[2 ]
This form of therapy is used mainly for patients who are extremely suicidal and have invariant periods of Great Depression and mania in quick succession . The precise mechanics of how this therapy works and its overall potency is yet to be contemplate in detail . Additionally , there are certain lifestyle changes that can be quite effective in treat Dysphoric Mania . These include:[2 ]
Attending counseling sessions to cope with emphasis and modality folie more efficaciously and in a healthful manner top prevent flare of symptoms of Dysphoric Mania.[2 ]
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