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What is Medulla Oblongata?
The mentality makes only 2 % of the body weight and utilize more than 20 % of the eubstance ’s energy.(1)The medulla oblongata is the lowest part of the brain and the lowest part of the brain-stem and connects the psyche to the spinal electric cord . It look like a rounded bulge and is located in front of the cerebellum that is a part of the brain .
There is a hole in the skull through which the spinal corduroy passes , this is known as the foramen magnum . The myelin oblongata is locate at the same level or slightly above .
It is made up of both case of matter i.e. the white matter and the Lady Jane Grey matter and is forge about 20 weeks into gestation from the ending of the nervous tube in the embryo .
Role and Function of Medulla Oblongata in the Body
Despite being small in size , the medulla oblongata has some essential part to play . It relay information between the spinal cord and the mental capacity and also regulates cardiovascular and respiratory affair . The consistency ’s 12 cranial nerves originate in this region.(2 )
The communication between the brain and the spinal corduroy is through columns of nerve fibre that run through the medulla , which are known as spinal tracts . These piece of land are come up and descending . The ascending tracts send information towards the psyche and the descending tracts take info to the spinal corduroy .
A specific spinal tract may post specific information . Such as the sidelong spinothalamic tract sway data related to pain and temperature .
Damage to the myeline oblongata may touch the ability to relay a specific message between the dead body and learning ability .
The information carry by unlike spinal parcel admit :
The motor nerve cell cut across from the left side of the brain to the correct side of the spinal cord through the medulla . If there is a problem in the left side of the medulla the motor office of the right side of the body would be affected.(2)Similarly , a trouble with the right side of the medulla would affect the remaining side of the body .
Damage to the medulla oblongata would strike the way the brain and spinal cord broadcast information to each other . This may direct to the trace signboard and symptoms :
Diseases that Affect Medulla Oblongata
fortuity or sudden head trauma can run to damage to the medulla , which can guide to various problems .
Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson ’s diseaseaffects the brain and nervous system and run to the following symptom :
The symptom of Parkinson ’s disease are due to the degradation of neurons that grow dopamine that is a neurotransmitter .
The degeneration of the brain starts in the medulla oblongata before spreading to the other voice of the brain.(3 )
People who have Parkinson ’s disease are seen to oft have cardiovascular dysfunctions .
A subject area was conducted in 2017 on 52 hoi polloi with Parkinson ’s disease . It establish a radio link between Parkinson ’s and atypical characteristics of the medulla.(4 )
Wallenberg Syndrome
Wallenberg syndrome , also known as lateral medullary syndrome result from a stroke near the medulla . It include the following symptoms :
Dejerine Syndrome
Dejerine syndrome is a rare condition that affects only 1 pct of people who have stroke affecting the back of the brain.(5)The symptom include :
Bilateral Medial Medullary Syndrome
The bilateral medial medullary syndrome is also a rare condition that is hump to affect only a fraction of 1 pct of mass with stroke.(6)The symptoms of this condition include :
Reinhold Syndrome
Reinhold syndrome is a hemimedullary syndrome and is completely rarified . It is researched that only 10 people in the medical lit have modernise this condition and the symptom let in :
The Medulla oblongata is settle at the substructure of the mental capacity and regulates respiratory and cardiovascular function . Damage to it can lead to the loss of virtuoso , respiratory failure , and paralysis .
