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What is Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor?
Tenosynovial elephantine cell tumor are rare benign tumors that form in the joint . They involve the synovium , bursae , and tendon sheath . As these are benignant they do not propagate to other area of the physical structure .
Synovium is a sparse tissue or tissue layer in the privileged aerofoil of the joint , bursae , and tendon sheath .
Bursae are small fluid - filled theca or cushions around the bones , tendons , and muscles around the joints .
Tendon case is a layer that brood the tendon ( fibrous tissue that link up the muscles to the castanets ) .
Due to the tumor , the synovial membrane , bursae , and tendon sheath thicken and overgrow .
Types of Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor
calculate on the location and speed of growth these tumors are divided into two types :
The localized jumbo prison cell tumor is the one that grows tardily . It starts from the small-scale joints such as those of hand . They are known as jumbo cellular telephone tumors of the tendon case .
Diffuse elephantine cell tumor affects the larger joints such as those of knee , hips , shoulder joint , articulatio talocruralis , and elbow . They are know as pigmented villonodular synovitis .
Both type of tenosynovial giant cell tumour are found inside the reefer . Diffuse giant cell tumors can also be found outside the joint and in rarified case can spread to lymph node or lungs .
What Are The Causes Of Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor
Tenosynovial giant cell tumors can occur due to change in a chromosome cognise as translocation . During the process , the piece of chromosome break and deepen place . Now , what cause this translocation is not known .
A chromosome comprise genetic computer code for develop protein and due to translocation , an excess of protein known as settlement - perk up factor 1 ( CSF 1 ) is produced . CSF1 pull the cells that have its receptor which include the white lineage cells call macrophages . These mobile phone chunk together and eventually shape a tumor .
Tenosynovial giant cell tumor are common in hoi polloi of 30 and 40 years of old age . The diffuse type is more common in men . These are rare tumors and only 11 out of 1 million the great unwashed in the USA are name with it every year.(1 )
Signs and Symptoms of Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor
reckon on the location and severity , the signs and symptoms of tenosynovial giant jail cell neoplasm may vary .
There is swelling on the affect joint or a lump is feel at the marijuana cigarette . There is stiffness and the patient encounter the movement of the joint hard .
There is pain sensation and heart and lovingness of the skin over the joint . nuisance and swelling is sometimes the first symptom to be seen .
A locking and popping sound is felt when the juncture is moved .
Sometimes the symptoms of tenosynovial giant cell tumour can cause arthritis damage and decadence of the joint and the surrounding cartilage and bone .
If not plow , tenosynovial jumbo electric cell tumor can further lead to chronic debilitating disease and significant usable impairment of the affected articulation .
Diagnosis of Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor
The diagnosing of the tumour is made is based on the identification of the characteristic symptoms and detailed patient history . A few tests are perform to corroborate the diagnosing of tenosynovial giant cell tumors and that let in :
Treatment of Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor
operating theatre is the main handling of tenosynovial giant cell tumor . The surgical process tends to be successful and has a beneficial prognosis but there is a risk of return .
The chance of return of diffuse - case of jumbo prison cell tumors are more . In such cases , multiple surgeries are required . mass in example of return are apprize drugs that are known as colony - stimulating element 1 receptor inhibitor that can block the CSF1 receptor to stop the tumor cells from collecting .
radiation therapy therapy can be render after surgery to get rid of the percentage of tumors that were n’t obliterable in the surgery . The radiation syndrome political machine can be used directly on the affected joint .
Conclusion
Tenosynovial jumbo cell tumor is not usually cancerous but can conduct to permanent joint damage and disability . Therefore if any symptom of this condition if noticed , a medico should be consulted and treatment should be started as soon as possible .
